Scientists from Ohio have created a vaccine against cancer: what is known about it
The cancer vaccine has shown promising results in animal studies. And now she is fully prepared for the first phase of human clinical trials. 24tv.
American and Australian scientists working on this vaccine are awaiting approval for the first phase of clinical trials.
Over the past decades, the biggest breakthrough in cancer therapy has been the development of immune checkpoint inhibitors. This therapy works by blocking a mechanism that cancer cells use to evade attacks by the immune system. In particular, cancer cells often hack the checkpoint protein on the surface of immune cells, PD-1. When it binds to another protein, PD-L1, which is found on healthy cells and some cancer cells, the immune cell receives a signal that there is nothing dangerous here and that it can move on.
PD-1 inhibitors are a relatively new class of drugs that allow killer cells to more effectively hunt cancer cells. In recent years, scientists have identified several first-generation monoclonal antibodies and received approval to test them.
On the subject: US COVID-19 Vaccination Coming Soon: Doctors Warn Of Side Effects
What is known about a potential cancer vaccine
The new therapy that Ohio scientists have proposed is called PD1-Vaxx. It is designed to elicit a strong immune response.
After testing the new method on animals with colon cancer, the researchers noticed a complete immune response in 9 out of 10 subjects.
Preclinical studies of PD1-Vaxx in combination with a second immunotherapeutic agent indicated two routes of action of this agent:
- it activates the functions of B and T cells that fight tumors;
- the method blocks signaling pathways that are needed for tumor growth and development.
The scientists explained that the combination of the vaccine with immunotherapy energizes the immune system and targets it to kill cancer cells. In addition, preliminary tests have confirmed the safety of the vaccine.
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