What immigration orders did Trump sign on his first day in office - ForumDaily
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What immigration orders did Trump sign on his first day in office?

Donald Trump began his new term in office by signing a series of sweeping executive orders on immigration on January 20. These included declaring a national emergency at the southern border, immediately ending the use of the CBP One app that allowed migrants to enter the US legally, and initiating the process of repealing birthright citizenship, reports CNN.

The signing of the immigration decrees is expected to lead to a legal fight.

Trump also made a high-profile personnel decision: On January 20, top officials at the Justice Department, which oversees the country’s immigration courts, were fired, according to a source familiar with the matter. The Office of Immigration Review (EOIR) oversees the U.S. immigration court system, where judges decide whether immigrants can stay in the country or be deported.

The firing of longtime employees at the agency has raised questions about whether such actions are permitted under Office of Personnel Management (OPM) rules. The changes illustrate the Trump administration's push to appoint officials who support its policies.

On the subject: Court shuts down scheme that allowed migrants sentenced to deportation to prolong their stay in the US for years

On January 20, the following were fired: Sheila McRulty, who served as Chief Immigration Judge; Mary Cheng, who served as Acting Director of EOIR; Jill Anderson, who served as General Counsel of EOIR; and Lauren Alder Reed, who served as Acting Deputy Director of EOIR's Office of Administration. All had served the Justice Department for many years.

The executive orders were the culmination of a slew of campaign promises and a return to policy initiatives that failed to materialize during Trump’s first term. Aides to the president said a series of immigration enforcement actions targeting criminal immigrants will follow in the coming days, though they could be the only ones detained.

The demise of the CBP One app has closed the door for people seeking to enter the U.S. Homeland Security officials said the app helped reduce border crossings by streamlining the application process for entry into the U.S. But now, with asylum restrictions in place, the border is effectively closed to asylum seekers. It’s an unprecedented move.

Since January 2023, more than 936 people have successfully used the app to schedule appointments at ports of entry, according to U.S. Customs and Border Protection. All existing appointments have been canceled, the agency said.

Trump signed an executive order declaring a national emergency on the southern border of the United States and declared in his inaugural address that “all illegal crossings will be stopped immediately.” The order calls for additional Pentagon and military resources to complete construction of the border wall, among other measures. The order is focused solely on security on the southern border.

"We will have military presence on the southern border, but other parts of the U.S. government will be working across the country," a spokesman for the new White House administration explained.

Trump also declared cartels foreign terrorist organizations.

“This initiative seeks to designate cartels like Tren de Aragua and MS-13 as Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs) or Specially Designated Global Terrorists,” a White House official said. The move would allow for the removal of gang members and, under the Alien Enemies Act, designation of them as “irregular armed forces of the Venezuelan government that have carried out predatory incursions into the United States.”

President Trump has, among other things, initiated a process to restore his famous “Remain in Mexico” border policy. The idea is to keep migrants in Mexico while they wait for their immigration cases to be processed in the United States, but the policy requires Mexico’s consent.

In addition, on Monday, January 20, the following decrees were signed:

  • Abolition of birthright citizenship, which would require either a constitutional amendment or a court case.
  • Suspension of the refugee resettlement program for a period of not less than four months.
  • Order to Attorney General to seek death penalty for the murder of law enforcement officers and for serious crimes committed by illegal immigrants.

Those on immigration were carefully crafted to withstand expected lawsuits, according to a source familiar with the process of drafting Trump's orders.

That was a lesson learned during Trump’s first term, when hastily drafted immigration orders ran into legal challenges. Trump’s allies say the disputes undermined his immigration policies. Now, his team has sought to learn from that experience.

Immigration groups are already considering how they will approach lawsuits under the 47th presidential administration, knowing it will be better prepared this time around.

Trump inherited a relatively calm border situation, while the Biden administration has struggled with record numbers of border crossings in recent years. The number of migrants at the southern U.S. border has fallen sharply since Biden’s order last year tightening asylum rules.

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In December, the last full month of the 46th president’s administration, U.S. Customs and Border Protection recorded 47 encounters with migrants. By comparison, in December 300, the last full month of Trump’s first term, the number of illegal crossings was about 2020.

But Department of Homeland Security officials warn that the closure of the CBP One app will lead to an increase in illegal border crossings. Migrants at the southern U.S. border who learn their appointments have been canceled may decide to cross the border illegally.
"They have nowhere to go back to. I think a significant portion of them will still try to cross the border," said one Department of Homeland Security official.

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