Delay in an American visa: what does it mean and is it possible to get a green card later - ForumDaily
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Delay in an American visa: what does it mean and is it possible to get a green card later

Some people can get a green card after their visa expires. However, they must fulfill several conditions. Others can create long-term immigration problems for themselves. How to apply for a green card after a visa expiry and when it is possible, the publication told Citizen path.

Photo: Shutterstock

Firstly, it is important to determine how your visa is overdue, because it is not as obvious as many people think.

Two ways to lose immigration status

When a foreign national stays in the United States for longer than the permitted period of stay, it is called a "visa overstay". Delay includes a nonimmigrant visa holder who lawfully entered the United States for a permitted period, but remained in it beyond the permitted period of entry.

Однако правительство США также будет рассматривать не-иммигрантов, допущенных на определенный «срок действия», которые не могут сохранить свой статус. «Срок действия статуса» — это термин, используемый для иностранных граждан, которые допускаются на срок определенной программы или деятельности, которая может быть переменной, а не на определенное время. Период разрешенного приема заканчивается, когда иностранный гражданин достигает цели, для которой он был принят, или больше не участвует в разрешенной деятельности, относящейся к этой цели. Например, иностранный студент, который въезжает в США по программе, рассчитанной на четыре года, должен уехать, когда программа будет завершена, или продолжить обучение по другой программе.

Look for information on Form I-94, not visa expiration

Неиммиграционная виза может быть действительна в течение нескольких лет. Однако она не регулирует продолжительность вашего разрешенного срока пребывания в США — эта виза ​​просто позволяет вам въехать в Соединенные Штаты в течение этого периода. Ваша форма I-94 регистрации прибытия/отъезда регулирует ваше санкционированное пребывание в Соединенных Штатах. «Дата допуска до» в вашей записи I-94 — это последний день, когда вам разрешено оставаться в США, и дата может истечь раньше срока действия визы. Вы должны покинуть США до даты, указанной в форме I-94, в противном случае вы просрочите визу.

On the subject: What to do if you didn't win a green card

Three- and 10-year re-entry intervals

In 1996, Congress passed legislation prohibiting certain individuals who have accumulated a period of "illegal residence" in the United States from becoming permanent residents of the United States. Unlawful presence includes any time spent in the United States by a foreign national:

  • Someone who entered the United States illegally or whose legal immigration status has expired, has been revoked, or otherwise terminated.

Thus, any time spent in the United States beyond that permitted by Form I-94 is a period of illegal stay. The period of illegal presence starts from the day the status expires. But these intervals are triggered only after the person leaves the United States. Three- and ten-year bans are distributed as follows:

  • Individuals who have accumulated 180 days or more of illegal stays and then left the country cannot return to the United States for 3 years.
  • Individuals who have been illegally in the country for one year or more and then left the country cannot return to the United States for 10 years.

Under certain circumstances, it is possible to bypass the re-entry ban.

Forgiveness for late visa: special provisions for immediate family members

Корректировка статуса — это процесс, который посетитель-не-иммигрант (например, студент, турист и т. д.) использует для изменения статуса на постоянного жителя США. То есть изменение статуса — это процесс подачи заявления на получение грин-карты внутри США. Как правило, корректировка доступна иностранным гражданам, которые законно въехали и у них есть право на иммиграционную визу.

However, a foreign national is usually not allowed to change status if the applicant is in illegal immigration status at the date of the adjustment application.

But the provision of the law exempts the next of kin of US citizens from visa delays. The next of kin category includes spouses, parents and unmarried children (under 21 years of age). Thus, the law provides for some “visa pardon” for the next of kin.

Remember that the next of kin must have legal entry into the United States in order to be eligible for a change of status. Entering the United States with a valid visa is considered legal entry even if that visa has expired. This means that you can enter the United States on the last day of your visa and stay in the country legally for 90 days.

However, the one who crossed the border illegally does not have the right to change the status.

Application for adjustment of status after delay

По возвращении в родную страну иммигранты со значительным периодом незаконного пребывания в США, которые попытаются получить грин-карту, активируют запрет на повторный въезд. В лучшем случае это будет дорогостоящий и трудоемкий процесс, требующий помощи юриста. В худшем — результат может быть катастрофическим для иммиграционного процесса.

You may be interested in: top New York news, stories of our immigrants and helpful tips about life in the Big Apple - read it all on ForumDaily New York

But immediate family members of US citizens who are currently legally in the United States may be eligible to change status. By filling out Form I-485, an application for change of status and other required forms in one package, prospective immigrants provide the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) with all the documents necessary to process the case and make a decision. A typical family status adjustment package includes the following forms:

  • I-130, Petition for Alien Relative
  • I-130A, Additional Information for Beneficiary Spouse (if Beneficiary is Spouse)
  • I-485, Application for Registration of Permanent Residence or Change of Status
  • I-864 Affidavit of Support
  • I-693, Medical Examination Report and Vaccination Records
  • I-765, Application for Work Permit (Optional)
  • I-131, Application for Travel Document (Optional)
Fraud

USCIS reviews cases closely for any type of immigration fraud. Remember that virtually every US nonimmigrant visa is temporary and has a specific purpose. When you do anything outside the scope of this visa, there is a possibility of a violation of the visa conditions and even accusations of fraud. There are two types of scams that are commonly associated with obtaining a green card.

Visa fraud

Misrepresenting the reasons why a certain type of visa is required is a form of visa fraud. Therefore, if you come to the United States on a tourist visa (B-2) with the secret intent to get married, then you are committing a visa fraud. The B-2 visa is specifically for people who intend to temporarily stay and then return home. Visa fraud can lead to the loss of eligibility for a green card.

Marriage fraud

Брачное мошенничество — это когда хотя бы одна из сторон вступила в брак с целью обхода иммиграционного законодательства и получения иммиграционных льгот ложным образом. То есть вступление в брак с основной целью получения грин-карты — явный случай мошенничества. Фиктивный брак влечет за собой суровые наказания, включая тюремное заключение и штрафы. Более того, из-за мошенничества получить разрешение на выигрыш грин-карты в будущем будет чрезвычайно сложно. Пара должна доказать, что брак является добросовестным. Так что не думайте, что вы легко сможете обмануть систему.

On the subject: How the green card appeared in the USA, and what the authorities did to protect the document from counterfeiting

Warnings

Although the spouse of a US citizen (or other immediate family members) can change their status to permanent residence after a visa expires, this does not protect the immigrant from deportation during the period of illegal stay. In other words, an immigrant is still vulnerable to deportation from the moment he loses his legal status until he becomes an applicant for a change in status. Therefore, you should apply for a status adjustment as soon as possible.

It is also important that the prospective immigrant does not have criminal or immigration violations that would otherwise make that person unacceptable for permanent residence. Anyone with these complications should consult an immigration lawyer.

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