WHO has published a list of viruses that can cause a new pandemic
The World Health Organization (WHO) published list of more than 30 pathogens most likely to cause the next pandemic. Among the most dangerous viruses is the H5N1 bird flu, which is spreading in the United States. Scientists fear it could easily mutate and spread from person to person, reports Daily Mail.
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Scientists are sounding the alarm about dengue fever, a mosquito-borne disease that is sometimes called “bonebreaker disease.” She is now active in the US.
monkeypox, which hit the global epidemic in 2022, also made the list amid an outbreak of diseases from its deadliest and most contagious strain in Africa.
The list of dangerous pathogens has been updated by more than half from what was published in 2017. It included hantavirus (spread by rodents) West Nile virus, carried by mosquitoes, flu and COVID.
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Among other things, scientists added to the list smallpox, although it has now been eradicated. They fear that a smallpox outbreak could be caused by an accident in a laboratory where smallpox strains are kept. Smallpox will spread quickly because there have been no vaccinations against it in recent years.
Among the dangerous pathogens are Lassa fever, carried by rodents. This disease can cause bleeding from the gums, eyes and nose, as well as seizures in patients.
Other pathogens include five bacteria, including cholera, which can cause stomach upset, and Yersinia pestis, which causes plague.
The list also includes a virus carried by bats. It provokes severe swelling of the brain.
Pathogens that were labeled as having "pandemic potential" were those that were highly contagious (highly contagious) and virulent or capable of causing serious disease in humans. The most dangerous of them are those for which there are no vaccines or no proven treatment methods.
The list of dangerous pathogens was compiled by 200 scientists from more than 50 countries.
The 2017 and 2018 lists included only about a dozen viruses and bacteria. But now researchers have significantly expanded them. Urbanization and deforestation have increased contact between wildlife and people, while more international travel is creating new opportunities for disease to spread to different regions of the world, scientists said. Another reason for the activation of pathogenic microbes and viruses may be climate change.
According to Dr. Ana Maria Henao Restrepo, there are many gaps in the study of dangerous pathogens that urgently need to be addressed to reduce the risk of a future pandemic.
For many of the diseases included in the list, only sporadic cases have been diagnosed so far. But the researchers warned that if the pathogens mutate, they could trigger massive disease outbreaks.
Most diseases are carried by ticks, bats, mosquitoes, and rodents. Humans transmit pathogens that can cause pandemics primarily through airborne transmission.
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Below we present to your attention a table indicating diseases that can cause the next pandemic.
| Disease | Latin name | Risk level |
| Lassa fever | Mammarenavirus lassaense | Tall |
| Argentine hemorrhagic fever | Mammarenavirus juniense | Tall |
| Cholera | Vibrio Cholerae Serotype 1 | Tall |
| Plague | Yersinia Pestis | Tall |
| Shigellez | Shigella dysentery | Tall |
| salmonellosis | Salmonella enterica | Tall |
| Pneumonia | Klebsiella pneumoniae | Tall |
| MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) | Subgenus Merbecovirus | Tall |
| SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) | Subgenus Sarbecovirus | Tall |
| Ebola | Orthoebolavirus zairense | Tall |
| Marburg virus | Orthoebolavirus sudanense | Tall |
| Zika virus | Orthoebolavirus zikaense | Tall |
| Dengue fever | Orthoflavavivirus denguei | Tall |
| Yellow fever | Orthoflavavivirus flavi | Tall |
| Tick-borne encephalitis | Orthoflavavivirus encephalitis | Tall |
| West Nile virus | Orthoflavavivirus nilense | Tall |
| Hantavirus | Orthohantavirus sinnombreense | Tall |
| Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever | Orthonairovirus haemorrhagiae | Tall |
| Avian influenza (H1 to H10) | Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae | Tall |
| Swine flu (H1 to H3) | Alphainfluenzavirus influenzae | Tall |
| Nipah virus | Henipavirus nipahense | Tall |
| SFTS fever | Bandavirus dabieense | Tall |
| Rift Valley fever | Phlebovirus riftense | Tall |
| Smallpox | Orthovirus variola | Tall |
| Vaccine | Orthovirus vaccinia | Tall |
| Monkeypox | Orthovirus monkeypox | Tall |
| Chikungunya virus | Alphavirus chikungunya | Tall |
| Venezuelan equine encephalitis | Alphavirus venezuelan | Tall |
| Pathogen X | Pathogen X | Tall |
| Adenovirus | Recombinant Mastadenovirus | Low-medium |
| Adenovirus 14 | Mastadenovirus blackbeardi serotype 14 | Low-medium |
| Hand, foot and mouth disease | Enterovirus coxsackiepol | Average |
| Lentivirus | Lentivirus humimdef1 | Average |
| Borna disease virus | Orthobornavirus bornense | Low |
| Hepatitis C | Orthohepadnavirus hominoidei C | Low |
| Hepatitis E | Paslahepevirus balayani 3 | Low |
| Herpes | Herpesviridae | Low |
| HPV | Papillomaviridae | Low |
| parvovirus | Protoparvovirus carnivoran | Low |
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