From tomato to machine. 10 of the most famous inventions of Israelis - ForumDaily
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From tomato to machine. 10 most famous inventions of Israelis

The subtropical climate and desert landscapes, due to the geographical location of the Promised Land, encouraged the Israelis to learn how to desalinate sea water and grow vegetables in the sand, and incessant hostilities to continually improve their weapons and defense technology. And this is not to mention the achievements of Israel in the field of medicine, which have long been ahead of the entire planet.

The world's first cosmetic epilator, the first color printer, a 30-second phone charger, a wireless trolley bus, a tablet video camera for painless analysis of intestinal diseases - all this is not a complete list of inventions, without which a good half of humanity today can hardly imagine their lives. On May 12, Israel's Independence Day, ForumDaily publishes the top 10 most famous discoveries in the world, the authors of which were representatives of this country.

1. Desalination of seawater

As early as the middle of the 20 century, Israel managed to overcome the most famous curse in the Middle East that the enemy wanted to "drink sea water all his life." The impetus to the development of desalination technologies, in its time, gave the Israeli Prime Minister David Ben-Gurion. Already in 1967, Professor Sydney Lowbe developed and introduced a desalination system based on the reverse osmosis process.

Reverse osmosis is a process in which water under pressure passes through a semi-permeable membrane from a more concentrated to a less concentrated solution. In this case, the membrane passes the solvent, but does not allow some of the substances dissolved in it. Reverse osmosis has been used since 1970-s not only for obtaining drinking water from the sea, but also for standard water purification, as well as for obtaining especially pure water for medical needs.

2. Drip irrigation

One of the most famous Israeli inventions used today on more than 10 millions of hectares of agricultural land throughout the world. As it is known, arable land is only about 20% of the territory of Israel. The constant shortage of water resources in a country where 55% of the land is occupied by deserts and semi-deserts has led to the fact that even in the 30s of the last century, Israeli engineer Simha Blass invented a plant irrigation system with minimal water expenditure. Moreover, it happened quite by accident.

Once a friend showed Blass a tree that grew in his deserted courtyard, right on the sand. Trying to explain this phenomenon, the engineer suggested that a water pipe was laid somewhere near a grown tree. The guess was right, which led Blass to invent a revolutionary irrigation system. The main principle of drip irrigation is that water is either periodically or permanently, but little by little is fed under each plant personally, through specially allocated pipes. At the same time, the earth never dries out, the root system of plants is in the zone of optimum humidity.

3. The legendary submachine gun UZI

Developed by Gottar Glass, a Jew who fled Nazi Germany and was later convicted by the British for illegal arms sales. After his release from prison, Glass took the name Uziel Gal (Uzi for short).

After Israel’s independence, during the first Arab-Israeli war, he proposed to the Israel Defense Forces a revolutionary draft machine-gun for those times, easy to use and best suited for fighting in the desert. In 1951, the submachine gun was adopted and named after its creator, although Uzi didn’t want it.

Today, Uzi is one of the most popular weapons in the world, second only to the Kalashnikov assault rifle.

4. "Iron dome"

The most effective mobile missile defense system today. Developed by Rafael Advanced Defense systems, adopted in 2011 year, first deployed near the city of Beersheba. Able to hit unguided rockets fired at human settlements from a distance from 4 to 70 km, can also hit airplanes flying at altitudes up to 10 km. The main purpose - the protection of civilians on the border of Israel and Palestine.

According to Israeli media reports, the Iron Dome intercepts about 90% of the rockets fired from the Gaza Strip at Israeli settlements. In 2015, the system was able to shoot down unmanned aerial vehicles. In addition to this, in 2014, the Israeli defense concern Rafael 11 introduced the new Iron Ray missile defense system, capable of shooting down missiles with a laser at a distance of more than 7 km.

5. ReWalk - exoskeleton that allows people with disabilities to walk

Bioelectronic suit resembling a human skeleton.

Designed on the basis of a military exoskeleton, adapted for use in everyday life.

With the help of special sensors, it tracks the deviations in a person’s equilibrium, transforming them into impulses that normalize leg movements. This allows the paralyzed person to walk and stand.

Skeleton Creator Amit Goffer, 10, hasn’t gotten out of his wheelchair for years, and, unfortunately, he cannot use his invention himself - he not only doesn’t feel his legs, but hardly moves his arms.

However, the device he created gives hope to thousands of people with wheelchair users.

6. IceCure - freezing of cancer

A device developed by IceCure Medical Ltd. from Caesarea, helps to destroy breast tumors by freezing them. A needle with liquid nitrogen is injected into the tumor, as a result of which the tumor is frozen to minus 170 degrees, and after thawing it is no longer dangerous.

Freezing does not provoke pain, the procedure takes about 15 minutes and is carried out without taking painkillers. In the same way, Israeli scientists propose to treat cancer of the kidneys, liver and prostate.

Permission to use the technology has already been received in the United States, the countries of the European Union are next in line.

7. The world's first cure for multiple sclerosis

Copaxone, a specific immunomodulating drug, was developed by Teva, a pharmaceutical company founded more than 100 years ago in Jerusalem. Tests of the drug in a clinical setting showed a significant reduction in exacerbations in patients with this terrible disease. Today, Teva combines 44 pharmaceutical plants, and Copaxone is included in the international List of Essential and Essential Medicines.

8. ICQ

The legendary online messenger was developed in 1996 by four students from Tel Aviv University who invented it for fun. Initially, young people distributed their software for free and did not intend to earn money on it. Within six months, the Mirabilis company created by students reported on the first million users, and two years later the growth of the ICQ user base was more than 1 a million people per month.

In June, 1998, ICQ went to a giant AOL corporation, which paid yesterday's schoolchildren $ 287 million. In April, 2010, Mirabilis, along with ICQ, was sold to the Russian investment fund DST, after reorganization, which became part of Mail.ru Group.

9. Flash drive

The world's first USB drive was invented in 2000 by employees of the Israeli company M-Systems.

The company's founder, Dov Moran 7, had previously headed the microprocessor department of the Israeli navy.

After demobilization, he emigrated to the United States for several years, and on his return to his homeland, he created a company that is still engaged in research in the field of flash memory.

The world's first 8 USB flash drive of MB memory was called DiskOnKey and cost $ 50.

10. Cherry tomatoes

Cherry tomatoes, well known and loved all over the world, were bred in 1973 in Israel. The task that Hebrew University scientists set for themselves was to slow down the ripening of vegetables in hot climates. As a result of identifying a genetic combination that slows down ripening, cherry tomatoes appeared, which, moreover, ripened not one at a time, but in clusters.

The small red tomatoes on the branch were very similar to cherries, so the cultivated variety got its name. Cherry have a delicate flavor and, unlike ordinary tomatoes, remain fresh for a long time. They complement any salad well, and some types of cherry can even be dried.

 

Inventions Israel At home Editor's Choice Israel
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