What is the status of the Russian language in all countries of the former USSR

The President of Ukraine signed a law that makes Ukrainian the only state language. At the same time, the intelligentsia of Uzbekistan called for the Russian language to be given official status in their country. "Present Tense"tells what the current status of the Russian language is in all countries of the former Soviet Union.

Фото: Depositphotos

Representatives of the authorities in Uzbekistan have already reacted sharply to the proposal of the intelligentsia. The Prime Minister said that even if they “hit him and put him down, he will endure it, but when his native language is spoken, he cannot watch calmly.” The Minister of Public Education noted that one must learn to love one’s culture and language, and only then can one expect development in another. And the rector of the university of journalism said that “that time has passed, the councils have left and there is no need to miss the Soviet Union.”

Official language - The language prescribed by the law of the country, used in legislation, proceedings and legal proceedings and having the status of a state symbol, such as a coat of arms, flag, anthem.

Official language used in the public sphere, but its status may not be fixed by legal norms.

Language of international communication - a language that is used as a means of communication by representatives of different nationalities within the same country. The Russian language had the same status in the former USSR.

Azerbaijan

The Russian language has no special status, the state language is Azerbaijani. But there are more than 300 schools in the country with instruction in Russian. According to the Ministry of Education, about 70% of disciplines in universities are taught in Russian.

Armenia

Russian language does not have a certain status. The state language is Armenian. Teaching in schools and universities is conducted in Armenian.

Belarus

Russian is one of two state languages ​​along with Belarusian. Russian occupies a dominant position in the country, including in the education system.

Georgia

The Russian language has no stipulated status. The state language is Georgian. Teaching in schools and universities is conducted in Georgian, with the exception of the separatist regions of Georgia. In the unrecognized self-proclaimed Abkhazia, the Russian language, along with the Abkhaz, is recognized as official. In the unrecognized and self-proclaimed South Ossetia, the Russian and Ossetian languages ​​are considered state languages.

Kazakhstan

State - Kazakh. Russian - official. In state organizations and local governments, Russian is officially used along with Kazakh.

Kyrgyzstan

The Russian language is official. Kyrgyz - state Document flow and service in cities is often conducted in Russian.

Latvia

Russian language has no official status. Latvian - state. In 2018, a law was passed, according to which, after 2021, all secondary schools should be taught in Latvian. Now Russian is taught in a number of non-state schools.

Lithuania

Russian language does not have a status specified by law. The only state - Lithuanian. In special Russian classes in Lithuanian schools, 4% of all students receive secondary education. In Lithuanian schools, the Russian language is studied as one of the foreign ones.

Moldova

Russian language has no official status. But in Gagauzia (autonomy within Moldova), Russian is used on a par with Gagauz and Romanian as the language of correspondence with the authorities. And in the unrecognized Transnistria, Russian, Romanian and Ukrainian have official status.

Russia

National language - Russian. Republics that are part of the Russian Federation can establish their own state languages, which are used along with Russian.

Tajikistan

Russian is the language of international communication. At the same time, the state is Tajik. In 2009, a law was passed here according to which it is possible to apply to state bodies only in the state language. Prior to that, they received addresses in Russian.

Туркменистан

State - Turkmen. In Turkmenistan, there is one school with instruction in Russian, and there are also Russian classes in schools in Ashgabat and other regional centers.

Uzbekistan

Russian language has no official status. The Uzbek language here is the state language along with Karakalpak. But there are more 900 schools where instruction is in Russian. There are also Russian-speaking departments in universities and Russian-language kindergartens. In 34 state organizations, documentation is maintained in Russian along with Uzbek.

Ukraine

Russian language has no statutory status. The state language is Ukrainian. It must be taught in universities and senior classes (starting with the fifth) public schools. In everyday life, the Russian language is used by a significant part of the inhabitants of the eastern and southern regions of Ukraine, including the territories beyond the control of Kiev in the Donbas, as well as the annexed Crimea by Russia.

Estonia

The status of the Russian language is not indicated. State - Estonian. More than 70 schools with partial instruction in Russian are working in Estonia. But the ratio of items in Estonian and Russian should be 60 and 40 percent, respectively.

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