The number of illegal immigrants detained at the border for the third month is breaking records: what attracts them to the US - ForumDaily
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The number of illegal immigrants detained at the border for the third month is breaking records: what attracts them to the US

In May, 144 000 migrants were detained at the border between the US and Mexico, which is about 32% more than in April and is the highest monthly figure for 13 years, the US Customs and Border Protection Service (CBP) said.

Фото: Depositphotos

Of these, almost 133 000 people illegally crossed the border of the United States and Mexico, including more 11 000 unaccompanied children, writes CNN.

“We are in an emergency situation, and I can say firmly: the system is broken,” acting CBP Commissioner John Sanders told reporters.

The number of migrants apprehended at the southern border has been steadily increasing over the past five months, many of them families and children, according to CBP. In late May, the agency reported that more than 1000 migrants were detained by Border Patrol agents in the El Paso sector. It was the largest group of migrants ever detained together, Department of Homeland Security officials said.

On the subject: Pew Research Center: Key Facts About American Immigrants

Brian Hastings, head of border patrol law enforcement, said the agency had run into large groups of 182, each of which had more than 100 people. They only get bigger.

The agency said there were about 3 single adults in Immigration and Customs Enforcement custody as of June 52, a record high that again exceeds funding levels.

The demographic shift has become a challenge for the department, from single adults from Mexico who could be more easily deported to families and children primarily from the Northern Triangle countries of Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador.

According to Hastings, unaccompanied children and family members made the majority of detentions in May: more than 11 000 unaccompanied children and more 84 000 family members. He says that this year the number of arrests will be the maximum after 2006 of the year.

What is behind the surge of immigrants at the border

Trump's administration officials say that the rapidly growing numbers are further evidence that loopholes in the US immigration system are driving an increase in the number of migrants and causing dramatic changes among those who arrive, writes CNN.

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Democrats claim that the administration itself is to blame, and that its policies have exacerbated the crisis.

Фото: Depositphotos

There are significant changes in exactly who is being detained. The crowded border patrol stations are not filled with lonely men from Mexico, who once made up the majority of those crossing the border, but mostly families from Central America and unaccompanied children.

Political experts and officials expressed a common opinion. They said a combination of circumstances — including harsh conditions in Central America, U.S. immigration policies, a lack of political will in America and more sophisticated smuggling efforts — led to the highest number of arrests at the U.S.-Mexico border in 13 years.

How government policies stimulate migration

Andrew Sealy, president of the Independent Institute for Migration Policy, says that US policy has played a prominent role in what is happening at the border.

“A crisis is the creation of bad conditions that have existed for a long time, but also the unwillingness or inability of politicians to make choices,” he says.

Seeley says that the increase in the number of migrants is fueled by two main factors:

1) the growing awareness in Central America of the fact that immigrant families who come to the United States do not arrest or deport in large numbers;
2) is a serious surge in smugglers in the region, ready to offer more opportunities for potential migrants.

“The smuggling business has become quite difficult as a result of competition from the caravans,” Seely says. “They started offering different pricing models, bus rides, financing.”

And the widely publicized result of Trump's family separation policy had unintended consequences.

“Family separation and, to a lesser extent, some of the other measures taken by the Trump administration have caused Central Americans to notice that the United States is not actually detaining families,” he says.

Фото: Depositphotos

In addition, according to him, the efforts made by the Mexican government at the beginning of this year to legalize migrants who arrived in Mexico could have prompted some to go this route.

“This is a snowball effect. There is no one reason ... It is difficult to understand how to stop it. The situation is gaining momentum, and it becomes much more difficult to stop it. ”

The head of the US border patrol, Carla Provost, told CNN that “numerous factors” are forcing Central Americans to leave their countries. One of the main things: smugglers tell families that they will be released in the USA if they come with children.

“This year we have detained more than 230 000 children smuggled into the country. This is an unprecedented amount. ”

But Seeley and other experts say U.S. policy is only part of why people are making the dangerous journey north.

Drought, poverty and violence in Central America

Poverty, organized crime, violence and impunity are long-standing problems in the region. New ones have recently emerged, such as the devastating drought in parts of Guatemala and Honduras. Computer models show such problems are becoming more common as the planet's average temperatures rise.

Although the number of immigrants from Guatemala and Honduras has increased significantly, it is noteworthy that the number of Salvadoran and Mexican immigrants has not increased.

“This suggests that there is something different about Guatemala and Honduras beyond local circumstances,” Seeley says. “The long-term consequences of drought, the long-term consequences of violence, the shorter-term consequences of a political system that is becoming increasingly chaotic in both countries.”

Фото: Depositphotos

Migrants do not listen and do not read messages from the White House or any other government bodies, I'm sure Pedro Pablo Solares, the author of the column on migration in the Guatemalan newspaper Prensa Libre. They all hear directly from people they know, from those who have already arrived and still remain in the United States.

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“Their only source of information is the truth, which is very important to them. That's what their neighbors who left last month say, Solares says. “If the experience was negative, most would not do it.”

Meanwhile, Solares said drought and famine are hitting farmers hard. And in regions of Guatemala - especially in some indigenous communities where people rarely migrated before - very serious changes are happening.

“We are seeing a dramatic, exponential increase in migration,” Solares says.

In one of the cities, the teachers told us that this year, in one small school, 20 students left to immigrate to the USA. Last year, only one student left the school. Before that, none of the students had ever left for this purpose, Solares said.

“The decision comes easy to them,” Solares says. “It’s a life option, and they face the risk of death in their communities.”

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